Acute cervicitis
The endocervical columnar epithelium may be infected by the gonoco or Chlamydia trachomatis (see p. 139). Cervical infection may also foll childbirth or operative dilatation of the cervix, and spread into the base the broad ligament (parametrium).
Cervical erosion, chronic cervicitis and cervical ectropion
Terms must first be defmed. The term cervical erosion is applied when, an adult,. the stratified epithelium which normally covers the vaginal port' of the cervix is replaced by columnar epithelium which is continuous that of the cervical canal. An erosion is not an ulcer -as the word wo imply. Although chronic cervicitis is sometimes found in association an erosion, most erosions are not infected, nor are they inflammat lesions.
In newborn infants, columnar epithelium is commonly found on ectocervix; such a 'congenital erosion' is not abnormal, and it may pe into childhood.
The term chronic cervicitis is often used loosely, but it should be stri confmed to cases with true inflammation of the cervix. This may occ a sequel of acute cervicitis.
The term cervical ectropion is used when the cervix is so badly lacer and everted (usually at delivery but sometimes by surgical injury) that normal endocervical columnar epithelium is exposed in the patulou
Cervical erosion
This is one of the commonest fmdings in the genital tract. An era often starts during pregnancy, but may not be discovered until the pa is seen in the postnatal clinic or afterwards. Many erosions resolve delivery when the stratified epithelium returns to replace the ect columnar epithelium, but a few persist. Erosions are seldom seen afte climacteric. These facts suggest that the erosion is dependent on hormonal status of the patient, and this is supported by the fact that women who are taking oral contraceptives containing oestrogens de erosions, which resolve when the pills are discontinued.
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