Several hypothalamic nuclei are sexually dimorphic, i.e. there are clear differences in both structure and function between males and females. Some differences are apparent even in gross neuroanatomy: most notable is the sexually dimorphic nucleus within the preoptic area, which ...Hypothalamus
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hypothalamus (from Greek ''ὑπό'' = ''under'' and ''θάλαμος'' = ''room, chamber'') is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to...
Oxytocin and vasopressin/anti-diuretic hormone, the two peptide hormones of the posterior pituitary gland (the neurohypophysis), are secreted from the nerve endings of magnocellular neurosecretory neurons into the systemic circulation. The cell bodies of these oxytocin and vasopressin neurons...
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Studies in female mice have shown that estrogen receptor-alpha declines in the pre-optic hypothalamus as they grow old. The female mice that were given a calorie-restricted diet during the majority of their lives, maintained higher levels of ERα in the ...
The gonads are controlled hormonally by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary gland’s excretion of LH and FSH are, in turn, controlled by the hypothalamus’ gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Adapted from the ...















